Electoral Reforms

The reform story

A five-chapter view of change, resistance and unfinished work — with the official record, and its gaps, visible beneath the story.

The whole record on one axis, 1895 to 2026. Each era below is a chapter of it.

The bird's-eye view

A history in five chapters

Start with the shape of the story. Open a chapter for its dated events, then follow any entry to the official record behind it.

325 dated entries 325 with a source link 1907 earliest entry 2026 latest entry
  1. 2010–today Implementing the 2010 Constitution 154 dated entries
  2. 2002–2009 Democratic transition and constitutional reform 7 dated entries
  3. 1991–2001 The return of multiparty elections 3 dated entries
  4. 1963–1990 Independence and the one-party state 4 dated entries
  5. 1895–1962 Colonial constitutional order 4 dated entries
See how the turning points connect

Connections, not coincidence

How the turning points connect

These are stored links between turning points, not a line drawn from dates alone. Each thread reads forward in time. A solid rail follows an official source; a dashed rail is clearly labelled Mzalendo analysis.

1957 to 2025, in order. Each arch is one recorded link, coloured by the kind of event at either end. Points from the same year are pushed apart so both can be seen, so the spacing is a guide rather than a scale.

  1. 1 1957 → 1963 2 turning points

    1. 1957 First Eight Elected Africans Joined the LEGCO Election or referendum
    2. preceded Official link
    3. 1963 Independence in 1963 Constitutional order
    Why we say these connect

    1. This development accelerated the country’s movement towards independence in 1963

      Official link · View official evidence

    Dates as the source itself printed them: 1957 · 1963.

  2. 2 1967 → 1991 3 turning points

    1. 1967 Kenya Became a De Facto One Party State Constitutional order
    2. preceded Official link
    3. 1982 Constitution of Kenya (Amendment) Act No 7 of 1982 Law or amendment
    4. superseded by Official link
    5. 1991 The Constitution Was Amended in 1991 to Allow for the Country to Revert to Political Pluralism Law or amendment
    Why we say these connect

    1. Post-independence Kenya became a de facto one party state in 1967 but matters changed substantially in 1982, when parliament passed a law to make it legally so

      Official link · View official evidence

    2. It was only in December 1991 through the Constitution of Kenya (Amendment) Act No 12 of 1991 that this section 2A was repealed reinstating multi-partism in Kenya.

      Official link · View official evidence

    Dates as the source itself printed them: 1967 · 1982 · 1991.

  3. 3 2008 2 turning points

    1. 17 Sep 2008 Independent Review Commission (IREC) Commission or inquiry
    2. answered by Official link
    3. 2008 Interim Independent Boundaries Review Commission (IIBRC) Institutional change
    Why we say these connect

    1. Following the adoption of the Kriegler Report, Parliament enacted the Constitution of Kenya (Amendment) Act, 2008 to establish the Interim Independent Boundaries Review Commission (IIBRC) and provided a legal framework for boundaries delimitation.

      Official link · View official evidence

    Dates as the source itself printed them: September 17, 2008 · 2008.

  4. 4 2010 2 turning points

    1. 4 Aug 2010 Referendum of August 4, 2010 Election or referendum
    2. preceded Official link
    3. 27 Aug 2010 Constitution of Kenya Constitutional order
    Why we say these connect

    1. The Referendum of August 4, 2010 was, of course the culmination the process, and on August 27, 2010 the people of Kenya gave to themselves a brand -new Constitution.

      Official link · View official evidence

    Dates as the source itself printed them: August 4, 2010 · 27 August 2010.

  5. 5 2010 → 2011 2 turning points

    1. 27 Aug 2010 Constitution of Kenya Constitutional order
    2. implemented by Official link
    3. 5 Jul 2011 Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission Act, 2011 Law or amendment
    Why we say these connect

    1. An Act of Parliament to make provision for the appointment and effective operation of the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission established by Article 88 of the Constitution, and for connected purposes

      Official link · View official evidence

    Dates as the source itself printed them: 27 August 2010 · 5 July 2011.

  6. 6 2010 → 2017 2 turning points

    1. 27 Aug 2010 Constitution of Kenya Constitutional order
    2. context Official link
    3. 1 Sep 2017 Presidential Election results annulled for failing to conform with the Constitution and the Elections Act. Court decision
    Why we say these connect

    1. Presidential Election results annulled for failing to conform with the Constitution and the Elections Act.

      Official link · View official evidence

    Dates as the source itself printed them: 27 August 2010 · September 1, 2017.

  7. 7 2011 → 2017 2 turning points

    1. 2 Dec 2011 Elections Act, 2011 Law or amendment
    2. context Official link
    3. 1 Sep 2017 Presidential Election results annulled for failing to conform with the Constitution and the Elections Act. Court decision
    Why we say these connect

    1. Presidential Election results annulled for failing to conform with the Constitution and the Elections Act.

      Official link · View official evidence

    Dates as the source itself printed them: 2 December 2011 · September 1, 2017.

  8. 8 2023 → 2025 3 turning points

    1. 25 Nov 2023 Report of the National Dialogue Committee Commission or inquiry
    2. advanced by Official link
    3. 9 Jul 2024 Assent to the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (Amendment) Bill (National Assembly Bill No. 10 of 2024) Law or amendment
    4. preceded Official link
    5. 27 Jan 2025 IEBC Selection Panel Institutional change
    Why we say these connect

    1. Today’s assent of the IEBC amendment bill therefore marks a significant step in the actualisation of one of the recommendations of NADCO

      Official link · View official evidence

    2. The signing of this bill paves the way for the establishment of the selection panel for appointing IEBC commissioners

      Official link · View official evidence

    Dates as the source itself printed them: 25 NOVEMBER 2023 · JULY 9, 2024 · 27 January, 2025.

  9. 9 2025 2 turning points

    1. 10 Jun 2025 IEBC chairperson and commissioners appointed by Gazette Notices 7724 and 7725 Institutional change
    2. quashed by Official link
    3. 10 Jul 2025 High Court quashes the IEBC appointments Court decision
    Why we say these connect

    1. we hereby quash the appointment of the 1 st to 7 th interested parties vide Gazette Notices Nos. 7724 and 7725

      Official link · View official evidence

    Dates as the source itself printed them: 10th June, 2025 · 10 TH DAY OF JULY, 2025.

What is included in this record?

Every entry comes from a record we already hold: a statute Kenya Law published, a stage Parliament's Bills Tracker recorded, a member's act in the House, a sourced reform commitment, an official document or a public consultation. The page places those different records on one shared chronology without treating them as the same kind of event.

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Jump to today — the 2010 Constitution and the 2027 cycle

1895–1962 Colonial constitutional order 4 entries

Open a milestone for its stored date, context and source.

4 of 4 carry an official record

1957

  1. stated

    First Eight Elected Africans Joined the LEGCO Election or referendum

    Context and source

    Draft In 1957, eight Africans became the first elected African members of LEGCO. Their entry marked a shift from nomination toward elections, although voting rights for Africans were still restricted by wealth and education.

1944

  1. stated

    First African Member Institutional change

    Context and source

    Draft Kenya’s Legislative Council gained its first African member in 1944 through nomination. Parliament’s official history records this as the first African membership milestone in LEGCO, establishing the date and route of entry without claiming a wider franchise change.

1920

  1. stated

    Kenya Became a De Facto British Colony Constitutional order

    Context and source

    Draft Kenya’s constitutional status changed in 1920, when it became a de facto British colony and the Governor represented the King. This milestone defines the formal colonial arrangement recorded for that year in Parliament’s historical account.

1907

  1. stated

    Legislative Council (LEGCO) Institutional change

    Context and source

    Draft Kenya’s colonial legislature began in 1907 when the British administration created the Legislative Council, known as LEGCO. The body advised the Chief Minister on running the colony and became the starting point of Kenya’s parliamentary history.

1963–1990 Independence and the one-party state 4 entries

Open a milestone for its stored date, context and source.

4 of 4 carry an official record

1982

  1. stated

    Constitution of Kenya (Amendment) Act No 7 of 1982 Law enacted

    Context and source

    Draft In 1982, Act No. 7 amended Kenya’s Constitution by introducing section 2A, which limited the country to one political party, KANU. That provision remained until Act No. 12 repealed it in December 1991 and restored multiparty politics.

1967

  1. stated

    Kenya Became a De Facto One Party State Constitutional order

    Context and source

    Draft Post-independence Kenya became a one-party state in practice in 1967. Parliament’s historical account distinguishes that political reality from the later legal change in 1982, when Parliament passed a law that made one-party rule legally binding.

1966

  1. stated

    Senate Merged with the House of Representatives Institutional change

    Context and source

    Draft Kenya’s first two-chamber Parliament did not last. In 1966, the Senate merged with the House of Representatives to create the National Assembly, changing the national legislature from a bicameral to a single-chamber institution.

1963

  1. stated

    Independence in 1963 Constitutional order

    Context and source

    Constitutional order

1991–2001 The return of multiparty elections 3 entries

Open a milestone for its stored date, context and source.

3 of 3 carry an official record

2001

  1. stated

    Constitution of Kenya Review Act Law enacted

    Context and source

    Draft Parliament’s 2001 constitutional review law created a formal, people-led route for reconsidering Kenya’s Constitution. It turned growing pressure for reform into a structured process designed to support comprehensive public participation in constitutional change.

1997

  1. stated

    The Inter-Parties Parliamentary Group (IPPG) Official document

    Context and source

    Draft Before the 1997 general election, the Inter-Parties Parliamentary Group proposed a coordinated reform package. It asked Parliament to adopt three committee reports, convert their proposals into Bills and enact the measures before voters went to the polls.

1991

  1. stated

    The Constitution Was Amended in 1991 to Allow for the Country to Revert to Political Pluralism Law enacted

    Context and source

    Draft In 1991, a constitutional amendment reopened Kenya’s political system to more than one party after sustained public agitation. The change ended the legal basis for one-party rule and restored constitutional space for multiparty electoral competition.

2002–2009 Democratic transition and constitutional reform 7 entries

Open a milestone for its stored date, context and source.

7 of 7 carry an official record

2010

  1. stated

    Referendum of August 4, 2010 Election or referendum

    Context and source

    Draft On 4 August 2010, Kenyans voted in the referendum that concluded the constitutional review process. The new Constitution followed on 27 August, making the referendum the decisive public step immediately before Kenya’s constitutional reset.

2008

  1. stated

    Independent Review Commission (IREC) Commission report

    Context and source

    Draft The Kriegler Commission delivered its report on 17 September 2008 after reviewing the electoral process. Its official diagnosis identified weaknesses that had damaged the Electoral Commission’s legitimacy after the 2007 election.

  2. stated

    National Accord and Reconciliation Act Law enacted

    Context and source

    Draft The National Accord and Reconciliation Act, Act No. 4 of 2008, was assented to and commenced on 20 March 2008. The official document history records its Gazette publication eight days later, on 28 March.

  3. stated

    Interim Independent Boundaries Review Commission (IIBRC) Institutional change

    Context and source

    Draft After adopting the Kriegler Report, Parliament amended the Constitution in 2008 to establish an interim boundaries commission. The change created both a new institution and a legal process for reviewing and delimiting electoral boundaries.

  4. stated

    Constitution of Kenya Review Act (2008) Law enacted

    Context and source

    Draft In 2008, Parliament enacted two major laws together to restart constitutional review: the Constitution of Kenya Review Act and the Constitution of Kenya (Amendment) Act. The official record identifies their shared purpose as recommencing the process.

2007

  1. stated

    2007 General Elections Election or referendum

    Context and source

    Draft After Kenya’s 2007 general election, post-election violence was followed by a commitment from political parties to pursue far-reaching reforms. Their stated aims were sustainable peace, stability and justice through the rule of law and respect for human rights.

2002

  1. stated

    A Joint Opposition Alliance to Remove the Ruling Party KANU Election or referendum

    Context and source

    Draft The 2002 general election produced Kenya’s first change from the party that had governed since independence. A joint opposition alliance defeated KANU, showing the practical effect of restored multiparty competition at the national level.

2010–today Implementing the 2010 Constitution 154 entries

Open a milestone for its stored date, context and source.

154 of 154 carry an official record

2026

  1. issued

    Kenya Gazette Vol. CXXVIII-No. 144 (Special Issue), 20 August 2026 Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (via Kenya Law)

  2. recorded

    The Referendum Bill Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Second reading 23 July 2026 · Senate Bill No. 3 of 2026

  3. published

    ECCEC. COMPLAINT No. 2 OF 2026 Court or tribunal ruling

    Context and source

    Court judgment · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Court Rulings

  4. published

    Call for Memorandum on Election Campaign Financing Regulations and Draft Spending Limits. — Invitation to Submit Memoranda on the Draft Election Campaign Financing Regulations and Election Campaign Contribution, Spending Limits and Authorised Expenditures Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Election Regulations

  5. published

    THE ELECTION CAMPAIGN FINANCING REGULATIONS, 2026 Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Election Regulations

  6. published

    Formula — Summary of the determination of the formulae and election campaign finance spending and contribution limits Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Election Regulations

  7. published

    DETERMINATION OF THE ELECTION CAMPAIGN FINANCE SPENDING LIMITS FOR 2027 GENERAL ELECTION Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Election Regulations

  8. recorded

    The County Governments Election Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Published June 2026 · Senate Bill No. 2 of 2024

  9. recorded

    The Referendum Bill Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    First reading 5 May 2026 · Senate Bill No. 3 of 2026

  10. started

    Enact a framework for holding a referendum Reform commitment

    Context and source

    Electoral law · owed by Parliament

Explore 144 more entries from this chapter

2026

  1. acted

    David Gikaria Who acted

    Context and source

    Put the question to the House — to ask the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission— Could the Commission— (i) explain why holders of Maisha Card who were born from 2004 are not able to be registered as voters by the IEBC, particularly those in Nakuru County? (ii) explain whether the inability of the holders of Maisha Cards to be registered as voters renders the Card an illegitimate form of identification and if so, the b

  2. recorded

    The County Governments Election Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Published April 2026 · Senate Bill No. 2 of 2024

  3. recorded

    The County Governments Election Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    First reading 1 April 2026 · Senate Bill No. 2 of 2024

  4. recorded

    The County Governments Election Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Third reading 3 March 2026 · Senate Bill No. 2 of 2024

  5. recorded

    The County Governments Election Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Third reading 26 February 2026 · Senate Bill No. 2 of 2024

  6. acted

    Veronica Waheti Nduati Who acted

    Context and source

    Moved the motion — Consideration of the National Assembly Amendments to the Election Offences (Amendment) (No. 2) Bill (Senate Bills No. 28 of 2024) (The Chairperson, Standing Committee on Justice, Legal Affairs and…

  7. recorded

    The Election Offences ( Amendment) ( No.2 ) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Committee stage 24 February 2026 · Senate Bill No. 28 of 2024

  8. acted

    Samson Kiprotich Cherargei Who acted

    Context and source

    Seconded the motion — Consideration of the National Assembly Amendments to the Election Offences (Amendment) (No. 2) Bill (Senate Bills No. 28 of 2024) (The Chairperson, Standing Committee on Justice, Legal Affairs and…

2025

  1. published

    IN THE ELECTORAL CODE OF CONDUCT ENFORCEMENT COMMITTEE AT NAIROBI COMPLAINT NO. IEBC/ECCEC/BE/04/2025 Court or tribunal ruling

    Context and source

    Court judgment · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Court Rulings

  2. acted

    George Gitonga Murugara Who acted

    Context and source

    Moved the motion — Approval of nominees for Registrar and Assistant Registrar of Political Parties

  3. acted

    Eckomas Mwengi Mutuse Who acted

    Context and source

    Seconded the motion — Approval of nominees for Registrar and Assistant Registrar of Political Parties

  4. recorded

    The Election Offences ( Amendment) ( No.2 ) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Third reading 14 August 2025 · Senate Bill No. 28 of 2024

  5. recorded

    The Election Offences ( Amendment) ( No.2 ) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Second reading 22 July 2025 · Senate Bill No. 28 of 2024

  6. stated

    IEBC chairperson and commissioners appointed afresh by Gazette Notices 9269 and 9270 Institutional change

    Context and source

    Draft Gazette Notices 9269 and 9270 appointed Erastus Ethekon as IEBC chairperson and six other people as commissioners on 10 July 2025. Both notices state that the appointments would last for six years.

  7. stated

    High Court quashes the IEBC appointments Court or tribunal ruling

    Context and source

    Draft The High Court quashed the June 2025 IEBC appointments after finding that they violated existing conservatory orders. Its 10 July judgment voided Gazette Notices 7724 and 7725, then discharged the interim orders.

  8. stated

    IEBC chairperson and commissioners appointed by Gazette Notices 7724 and 7725 Institutional change

    Context and source

    Draft Gazette Notices 7724 and 7725 appointed Erastus Ethekon as IEBC chairperson and six other people as commissioners on 10 June 2025. Both notices state that the appointments would last for six years.

  9. stated

    National Assembly approves the IEBC chairperson and members Institutional change

    Context and source

    Draft On 4 June 2025, the National Assembly approved Erastus Ethekon as IEBC chairperson and six other nominees as commissioners. The adopted motion completed Parliament’s recorded approval of all seven proposed appointees.

  10. acted

    George Gitonga Murugara Who acted

    Context and source

    Moved the motion — Approval of IEBC chairperson and members

  11. recorded

    The Political Parties ( Amendment) ( No. 2) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Second reading 3 June 2025 · Senate Bill No. 26 of 2024

  12. recorded

    The Election Offences ( Amendment) ( No.2 ) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Published April 2025 · Senate Bill No. 28 of 2024

  13. acted

    George Gitonga Murugara Who acted

    Context and source

    Moved the motion — Adoption of Joint Report on NADCO and Two-Thirds Gender Principle

  14. recorded

    The Political Parties ( Amendment) ( No. 2) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    First reading 13 February 2025 · Senate Bill No. 26 of 2024

  15. recorded

    The Elections ( Amendment ) ( No.2 ) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    First reading 13 February 2025 · Senate Bill No. 29 of 2024

  16. acted

    Hillary Kiprotich Sigei Who acted

    Context and source

    Moved the motion — Adoption of joint report on NADCO and Two-Thirds Gender Principle

  17. recorded

    The Political Parties ( Amendment) ( No. 2) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Published February 2025 · Senate Bill No. 26 of 2024

  18. recorded

    The Elections ( Amendment ) ( No.2 ) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Published February 2025 · Senate Bill No. 29 of 2024

  19. stated

    IEBC Selection Panel Institutional change

    Context and source

    Draft The nine-member IEBC selection panel was sworn in on 27 January 2025 after the High Court lifted earlier stay orders. Parliament’s account says the panel members were responsible for recruiting nominees for chairperson and commissioner positions.

2024

  1. recorded

    The Political Parties ( Amendment) ( No. 2) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Committee stage 5 December 2024 · Senate Bill No. 26 of 2024

  2. recorded

    The Elections ( Amendment ) ( No.2 ) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Committee stage 5 December 2024 · Senate Bill No. 29 of 2024

  3. recorded

    The Election Offences ( Amendment) ( No.2 ) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    First reading 3 December 2024 · Senate Bill No. 28 of 2024

  4. recorded

    The Political Parties ( Amendment) ( No. 2) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Third reading 28 November 2024 · Senate Bill No. 26 of 2024

  5. recorded

    The Elections ( Amendment ) ( No.2 ) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Third reading 28 November 2024 · Senate Bill No. 29 of 2024

  6. recorded

    The Elections ( Amendment ) ( No.2 ) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Second reading 13 November 2024 · Senate Bill No. 29 of 2024

  7. recorded

    The Election Offences ( Amendment) ( No.2 ) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Third reading 12 November 2024 · Senate Bill No. 28 of 2024

  8. recorded

    The County Governments Election Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Second reading 23 October 2024 · Senate Bill No. 2 of 2024

  9. recorded

    The Election Offences ( Amendment) ( No.2 ) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Second reading 9 October 2024 · Senate Bill No. 28 of 2024

  10. acted

    George Gitonga Murugara Who acted

    Context and source

    Moved the motion — This House adopts the Report of the Departmental Committee on Justice and Legal Affairs on its consideration of the Report of the National Dialogue Committee (NADCO) and the Report of the Multi-…

  11. recorded

    The Political Parties ( Amendment) ( No. 2) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Second reading 3 October 2024 · Senate Bill No. 26 of 2024

  12. recorded

    The Political Parties (Amendment) Bill Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Published August 2024 · Senate Bill No. 13 of 2024

  13. recorded

    The Elections (Amendment) Bill Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Published August 2024 · Senate Bill No. 11 of 2024

  14. recorded

    The Election Offences (Amendment) Bill Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Published August 2024 · Senate Bill No. 9 of 2024

  15. published

    CASE NO: HCCHRPET/E006/2024 — County Government of Kisii and Hon. Paul Simba Arati,Gorvernor,County Government Of Kisii and 1 Others Vs Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission and Robert Monda Court or tribunal ruling

    Context and source

    Court judgment · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Court Rulings

  16. recorded

    The Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (Amendment) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Presidential assent 9 July 2024 · National Assembly Bill No. 10 of 2024

  17. stated

    Assent to the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (Amendment) Bill (National Assembly Bill No. 10 of 2024) Law enacted

    Context and source

    Draft Presidential assent to the IEBC Amendment Bill on 9 July 2024 converted a National Dialogue Committee recommendation into a legal milestone. The official next step was establishing the selection panel for new electoral commissioners.

  18. recorded

    The Political Parties ( Amendment) ( No. 2) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    First reading 4 July 2024 · Senate Bill No. 26 of 2024

  19. recorded

    The Elections ( Amendment ) ( No.2 ) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    First reading 4 July 2024 · Senate Bill No. 29 of 2024

  20. recorded

    The Election Offences ( Amendment) ( No.2 ) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    First reading 4 July 2024 · Senate Bill No. 28 of 2024

  21. recorded

    The County Governments Election Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    First reading 3 July 2024 · Senate Bill No. 2 of 2024

  22. started

    Align the county government election laws Reform commitment

    Context and source

    Electoral law · owed by Parliament

  23. recorded

    The Political Parties ( Amendment) ( No. 2) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Published July 2024 · Senate Bill No. 26 of 2024

  24. recorded

    The Elections ( Amendment ) ( No.2 ) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Published July 2024 · Senate Bill No. 29 of 2024

  25. recorded

    The Election Offences ( Amendment) ( No.2 ) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Published July 2024 · Senate Bill No. 28 of 2024

  26. acted

    Samuel Kiprono Chepkonga Who acted

    Context and source

    Seconded the motion — The Senate amendments to the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (Amendment) Bill (National Assembly Bill No. 10 of 2024) be now considered

  27. acted

    George Gitonga Murugara Who acted

    Context and source

    Moved the motion — The Senate amendments to the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (Amendment) Bill (National Assembly Bill No. 10 of 2024) be now considered

  28. acted

    George Gitonga Murugara Who acted

    Context and source

    Moved the motion — Consideration of Senate amendments to the IEBC (Amendment) Bill

  29. recorded

    The Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (Amendment) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Third reading 11 June 2024 · National Assembly Bill No. 10 of 2024

  30. recorded

    The County Boundaries Bill, 2023 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Published June 2024 · Senate Bill No. 6 of 2023

  31. recorded

    The Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (Amendment) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Second reading 29 May 2024 · National Assembly Bill No. 10 of 2024

  32. recorded

    The Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (Amendment) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    First reading 9 May 2024 · National Assembly Bill No. 10 of 2024

  33. recorded

    The Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (Amendment) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Third reading 2 May 2024 · National Assembly Bill No. 10 of 2024

  34. recorded

    The County Boundaries Bill, 2023 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Third reading 25 April 2024 · Senate Bill No. 6 of 2023

  35. recorded

    The County Boundaries Bill, 2023 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Committee stage 24 April 2024 · Senate Bill No. 6 of 2023

  36. recorded

    The County Boundaries Bill, 2023 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Third reading 24 April 2024 · Senate Bill No. 6 of 2023

  37. recorded

    The Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (Amendment) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Second reading 23 April 2024 · National Assembly Bill No. 10 of 2024

  38. recorded

    The Political Parties (Amendment) Bill Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    First reading 17 April 2024 · Senate Bill No. 13 of 2024

  39. recorded

    The Elections (Amendment) Bill Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    First reading 17 April 2024 · Senate Bill No. 11 of 2024

  40. recorded

    The Election Offences (Amendment) Bill Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    First reading 17 April 2024 · Senate Bill No. 9 of 2024

  41. started

    Strengthen the Election Offences Act Reform commitment

    Context and source

    Disputes and accountability · owed by Parliament

  42. started

    Amend the Elections Act Reform commitment

    Context and source

    Electoral law · owed by Parliament

  43. recorded

    The Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (Amendment) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    First reading 5 March 2024 · National Assembly Bill No. 10 of 2024

  44. recorded

    The County Boundaries Bill, 2023 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Second reading 5 March 2024 · Senate Bill No. 6 of 2023

  45. recorded

    The Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (Amendment) Bill, 2024 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Published March 2024 · National Assembly Bill No. 10 of 2024

  46. recorded

    The Independent Electoral And Boundaries Commission ( Amendment ) Bill, 2023 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Published February 2024 · National Assembly Bill No. 50 of 2023

2023

  1. stated

    Report of the National Dialogue Committee Commission report

    Context and source

    Draft The National Dialogue Committee’s 2023 report assembled a broad electoral-reform package: IEBC restructuring, review of the 2022 election, earlier election-law deadlines, longer petition timelines, voter-register auditing and submission of campaign-finance regulations.

  2. started

    Reconstitute the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission Reform commitment

    Context and source

    Electoral commission · owed by Parliament

  3. started

    Carry out a forensic audit of the 2022 results transmission system Reform commitment

    Context and source

    Electoral commission · owed by Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission

  4. recorded

    The Independent Electoral And Boundaries Commission ( Amendment ) Bill, 2023 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    First reading 18 October 2023 · National Assembly Bill No. 50 of 2023

  5. acted

    James Opiyo Wandayi Who acted

    Context and source

    Seconded the motion — AWARE THAT, the National Dialogue Committee was established by Parliament through a Resolution passed by the National Assembly and Senate on 16th August 2023 and 29th August 2023 respectively

  6. acted

    Anthony Kimani Ichung'wah Who acted

    Context and source

    Moved the motion — AWARE THAT, the National Dialogue Committee was established by Parliament through a Resolution passed by the National Assembly and Senate on 16th August 2023 and 29th August 2023 respectively

  7. acted

    Anthony Kimani Ichung'wah Who acted

    Context and source

    Moved the motion — Extension of time for the National Dialogue Committee

  8. acted

    Anthony Kimani Ichung'wah Who acted

    Context and source

    Moved the motion — Establishment of a National Dialogue Committee

  9. acted

    Wetangula Moses Masika Who acted

    Context and source

    Presented the petition to the House — Presented a petition by Centre for Accountability, Reform and Democracy: Delimitation of Electoral Units

  10. started

    Settle the constitutional standing of the NG-CDF Reform commitment

    Context and source

    Political parties and money · owed by Parliament

  11. acted

    Anthony Tom Oluoch Who acted

    Context and source

    Put the question to the House — Could the Cabinet Secretary – (i) State the reasons as to why funds to political parties have not been paid out in accordance with the provisions of the Political Parties Act since its enactment, and in particular, the circumstances under which the Political Parties Fund meant to ensure Parties operate and function as institutions of governance are yet to be fully disbursed four months to the end

  12. recorded

    Political Parties (Amendment) Bill, 2022 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    First reading 12 April 2023 · National Assembly Bill No. 35 of 2022

  13. acted

    Joseph Majimbo Kalasinga Who acted

    Context and source

    Put the question to the House — (i) Could the Commission explain why payments to Presiding Officers, Deputy Presiding Officers and Clerks that oversaw the Bungoma By-Elections for the Senatorial Seat in December 2022 have delayed up to date? (ii) What plans does the Commission have to compensate the Presiding Officers, Deputy Presiding Officers, and Clerks whose payments are long overdue given the high cost of living?

  14. recorded

    The County Boundaries Bill, 2023 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    First reading 22 March 2023 · Senate Bill No. 6 of 2023

  15. acted

    Moses Nguchine Kirima Who acted

    Context and source

    Put the question to the House — (i) When will the disputed boundary between Tharaka Nithi and Meru Counties, along Central Imenti and Tharaka Constituencies, be demarcated as recommended by the Zachary Ogongo-led Task Force Report of 2009 and further recommended by the Andrew Ligale-led Interim Independent Boundaries Review Commission in its Report dated 27th November 2010? (ii) Could the Cabinet Secretary explain why residents

  16. recorded

    The County Boundaries Bill, 2023 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Published March 2023 · Senate Bill No. 6 of 2023

  17. started

    Settle the procedure for resolving county boundary disputes Reform commitment

    Context and source

    Boundaries and the register · owed by Parliament

  18. acted

    James Opiyo Wandayi Who acted

    Context and source

    Seconded the motion — This House adopts the Report of the National Dialogue Committee, laid on the Table of the House on Thursday, 7th December 2023

  19. acted

    Anthony Kimani Ichung'wah Who acted

    Context and source

    Moved the motion — This House adopts the Report of the National Dialogue Committee, laid on the Table of the House on Thursday, 7th December 2023

  20. recorded

    Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (Amendment) Bill, 2022 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Presidential assent 23 January 2023 · National Assembly Bill No. 49 of 2022

  21. recorded

    Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (Amendment) Bill, 2022 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Second reading 19 January 2023 · National Assembly Bill No. 49 of 2022

  22. recorded

    Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (Amendment) Bill, 2022 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Third reading 19 January 2023 · National Assembly Bill No. 49 of 2022

2022

  1. recorded

    Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (Amendment) Bill, 2022 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    First reading 8 December 2022 · National Assembly Bill No. 49 of 2022

  2. recorded

    Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (Amendment) Bill, 2022 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Second reading 1 December 2022 · National Assembly Bill No. 49 of 2022

  3. recorded

    Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (Amendment) Bill, 2022 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Third reading 1 December 2022 · National Assembly Bill No. 49 of 2022

  4. acted

    George Gitonga Murugara Who acted

    Context and source

    Moved the motion — Adoption of report on petitions for removal of four IEBC commissioners

  5. acted

    Eckomas Mwengi Mutuse Who acted

    Context and source

    Seconded the motion — Adoption of report on petitions for removal of four IEBC commissioners

  6. recorded

    Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (Amendment) Bill, 2022 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    First reading 16 November 2022 · National Assembly Bill No. 49 of 2022

  7. acted

    Wetangula Moses Masika Who acted

    Context and source

    Presented the petition to the House — Presented a petition by Republican Party, Rev. Dennis Ndwiga Nthumbi, Mr. Geoffrey Langat, Mr. Owuor Steve Gerry: Removal of Four Members of the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC)

  8. started

    Reform the regulation of political parties Reform commitment

    Context and source

    Political parties and money · owed by Parliament

  9. recorded

    Political Parties (Amendment) Bill, 2022 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Published November 2022 · National Assembly Bill No. 35 of 2022

  10. recorded

    Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (Amendment) Bill, 2022 Bill in Parliament

    Context and source

    Published November 2022 · National Assembly Bill No. 49 of 2022

  11. stated

    Supreme Court upholds the election of HE Dr. William Samoei Ruto as the Fifth President of the Republic of Kenya. Court or tribunal ruling

    Context and source

    Draft The Supreme Court dismissed challenges to the 2022 presidential election and upheld the President-elect’s victory. It also struck down a rule that placed national tally verification solely in the chairperson, reaffirming that responsibility belonged to the Commission.

  12. started

    Delimit constituency and ward boundaries Reform commitment

    Context and source

    Boundaries and the register · owed by Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission

2021

  1. published

    Subsidiary Legislation — Elections Act No. 24 of 2011 Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Electoral Acts

  2. published

    Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission Act No. 9 of 2011 — Revised Edition 2020 [2011] Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Electoral Acts

  3. published

    Elections Act No. 24 of 2011 — Revised Edition 2019 [2011] Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Electoral Acts

  4. published

    Election Offences Act No. 37 of 2016 — Revised Edition 2017 [2016] Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Electoral Acts

  5. published

    Election Campaign Financing Act No. 42 of 2013 — Revised Edition 2017 [2013] Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Electoral Acts

2018

  1. published

    The Report of the Interim Independent Boundaries Review Commission (IIBRC) Commission report

    Context and source

    Commission or inquiry report · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Boundary Delimitation

  2. published

    Final Report on the First Review Relating to the Delimitation of Boundaries of Constituencies and Wards Commission report

    Context and source

    Commission or inquiry report · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Boundary Delimitation

2017

  1. stated

    Presidential Election results annulled for failing to conform with the Constitution and the Elections Act. Court or tribunal ruling

    Context and source

    Draft On 1 September 2017, the Supreme Court annulled the declared presidential election result after finding that the election did not conform with the Constitution and the Elections Act. The result therefore could not legally stand.

  2. published

    CASE NO IEBC/ECCC/55/2017-MANDERA COUNTY GOVERNOR Court or tribunal ruling

    Context and source

    Court judgment · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Court Rulings

  3. published

    CASE NO IEBC/ECCC/54/2017-MARSABIT COUNTY GOVERNOR — CASE NO IEBC/ECCC/55/2017-MARSABIT COUNTY GOVERNOR Court or tribunal ruling

    Context and source

    Court judgment · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Court Rulings

  4. published

    The Civil Procedure Act Chapter 21 Revised Edition 2010 (2009) Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Electoral Acts

  5. published

    THE SUPREME COURT ACT No. 7 of 2011 Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Electoral Acts

  6. published

    THE ELECTION LAWS (AMENDMENT) ACT No. 1 of 2017 Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Electoral Acts

  7. published

    Election Laws Amendment Act 36 of 2016 Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Electoral Acts

  8. published

    ELECTIONS ACT NO. 24 OF 2011 Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Electoral Acts

  9. published

    ELECTION OFFENCES ACT NO. 37 OF 2016 Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Electoral Acts

  10. published

    The Elections Party Primaries and Party (Lists) Regulations, 2017 Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Election Regulations

  11. published

    The Elections (Voter Education) Regulations, 2017 Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Election Regulations

  12. published

    The Elections (Technology) Regulations, 2017 Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Election Regulations

  13. published

    The Elections (General) (Amendment) Regulations, 2017 Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Election Regulations

  14. published

    CONSTITUTIONAL PETITION NO 56 OF 2017 Court or tribunal ruling

    Context and source

    Court judgment · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Court Rulings

  15. published

    Elections Laws Amendment Act 1 of 2017 Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Election Regulations

  16. published

    Election Laws Amendment Act 36 of 2016 Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Election Regulations

  17. published

    ELECTIONS ACT NO. 24 OF 2011 Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Election Regulations

2016

  1. published

    The Civil Procedure Act Chapter 21 Revised Edition 2010 (2009) Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Election Regulations

  2. published

    THE SUPREME COURT ACT No. 7 of 2011 Official document

    Context and source

    Other official document · Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission · Election Regulations

  3. assented

    Election Offences Act Law enacted

    Context and source

    Act · Cap. 66 · assented

    Source: Kenya Law

2013

  1. assented

    Election Campaign Financing Act Law enacted

    Context and source

    Act · Cap. 7A · assented

    Source: Kenya Law

  2. stated

    Failure of technology Court or tribunal ruling

    Context and source

    Draft During the 2013 presidential election, voter-identification and results-transmission technologies failed. The Supreme Court accepted a manual fallback, raised concerns about the unbacked-up voter register, and ruled that device failures alone did not invalidate the election.

2012

  1. assented

    Publication of Electoral Opinion Polls Act Law enacted

    Context and source

    Act · Cap. 7B · assented

    Source: Kenya Law

2011

  1. stated

    Elections Act, 2011 Law enacted

    Context and source

    Draft The Elections Act, 2011 brought rules for presidential, parliamentary and county elections, referenda and election disputes into one law. It was assented to in August and came into force on 2 December 2011.

  2. assented

    Political Parties Act Law enacted

    Context and source

    Act · Cap. 7D · assented

    Source: Kenya Law

  3. assented

    Elections Act Law enacted

    Context and source

    Act · Cap. 7 · assented

    Source: Kenya Law

  4. stated

    Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission Act, 2011 Law enacted

    Context and source

    Draft The IEBC Act of 2011 supplied the legal framework for appointing and operating the electoral commission created by Article 88 of the Constitution. It was assented to and came into force on 5 July 2011.

  5. assented

    Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission Act Law enacted

    Context and source

    Act · Cap. 7C · assented

    Source: Kenya Law

2010

  1. stated

    Constitution of Kenya Constitutional order

    Context and source

    Draft The Constitution of Kenya was assented to on 4 August 2010 and commenced by promulgation on 27 August. It was then published in the Kenya Gazette on 3 September, fixing three distinct dates in the official record.

  2. in force

    Constitution of Kenya Constitutional order

    Context and source

    Constitutional order · promulgated and in force from this date

    Source: Kenya Law

How dates, sources and gaps are handled

What each date means. The lanes do not all measure the same thing, so every entry carries one word saying which date it shows. Assented — the President signed it. In force — a legal notice's commencement. Recorded — the date Parliament's Bills Tracker gives that stage. Acted — the member did this on that day. Invited — the Clerk opened the consultation. Started / due — a commitment's clock. Issued — the document's own date. Published — the date the publishing body put the file on its website, which is not the document's date. Stated — the original date wording, kept from an accepted historical source, including ranges and approximate years.

Published dates need care. IEBC's listings may state no issue date, while a title can contain the date of the event the document concerns. We record the date the Commission actually states and never infer another.

Where the record thins out. It is dense from 2010 because Parliament, Kenya Law and the IEBC publish machine-readable records from this period. Earlier history is carried by Mzalendo Trust's own narrative research. That research is loaded — 325 entries on this page are the published record, and a further 0 archive rows are held unpublished because the research states most of them without a date, which a chronology cannot place. Every era remains visible so a gap in capture is never mistaken for a gap in history.